{"id":1224,"date":"2025-02-14T08:54:25","date_gmt":"2025-02-14T08:54:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.frankusmagnus.nl\/?page_id=1224"},"modified":"2025-11-10T19:12:45","modified_gmt":"2025-11-10T19:12:45","slug":"timeline","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.frankusmagnus.nl\/nl\/timeline\/","title":{"rendered":"Tijdlijn"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Timeline<\/p>\n

The timeline below is not an overview of everything that ever happened in a traditional sense. Instead, it\u2019s a summary of what I find important and things I think will be useful to you! After all that\u2019s what history is about. For a perfect chronological picture of everything that ever happened, I recommend Wikipedia or ChatGPT. What you\u2019ll find here is my perspective. In the end, understanding history is not about knowing everything that ever happened, but about what we can do with it now. So feel free to scroll through and discover how I navigate through the events of roughly the past few hundred thousand years in my mind.<\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n<\/div>
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The most difficult decision for me whas what to include and when to let the timeline end. So I have very arbitrarely decided to just end it when I felt like it. Miss anything? Disagree with me on anything? Tell me! You can always reach out to me via WhatsApp, e-mail or DM on instagram or TikTok. I always love some good old criticism and never shy away from a nice discussion.<\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/section>
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7 million to 500.000 BCE<\/h3>\n \t <\/div>\n \t\t
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First humanoids on earth<\/h4>\n

We are not the first great apes on this earth, and certainly not the longest-lived great apes of our prehistory. All these humanoids have been given outlandishly fancy names by scientists of the modern world. If you manage to pronounce them all in perfect succession, you may send me a recording of it for 15% discount on your next booking.<\/p>

The oldest ape-man we know of was Sahelanthropus tchadensis (or, \u201cmonkey from the Sahel of Chad\u201d). These humanoids lived possibly one million years before eventually disappearing.<\/p>

Then came, \u201cin order of appearence\u201d: Australopithecus Afarensis (4 million BC), Homo Habilis (2 million BC), Homo Rudolfensis (2 million BC) and Homo Erectus (1.5 million BC). After that many species followed, including Sapiens.<\/p>

One thing you must understand, these humanoids were not separate species that existed apart from eachother. These were fluid species that gradually changed while they interacted. You and I might not even be able to tell them apart. It is our scholars that have divided them into binary groups. For example, they would have sexual relations with eachother across 'species'. Human species are a spectrum.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n \t <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\t\t

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350.000 BCE<\/h3>\n \t <\/div>\n \t\t
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The controlled use of fire<\/h4>\n

Many humanoids were already familiar with the use of fire. For example, in the Wonderwerk cave in South Africa, there are already traces of controlled fire to possibly 1,000,000 years old! But between about 400,000 years before our era and 350,000, use of fire was spread like wildfire all over the world by human species.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n \t <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\t\t

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+- 200.000 BCE<\/h3>\n \t <\/div>\n \t\t
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\n \"Geschiedenis\n
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The oldest Homo Sapiens known<\/h4>\n

'I think, therefore I come into existance!'.<\/p>

This is how old the oldest evidence for the existence and emergence of our species is, among all sorts of other species of \u201cape-man\u201d. These species lived side by side, and with each other. And as you have already read, we are far from being the record holder as the \u201coldest ape\u201d on earth!<\/p>\n <\/div>\n \t <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\t\t

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70.000 BCE<\/h3>\n \t <\/div>\n \t\t
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Scramble out of Africa<\/h4>\n

All our ancestors were fortune seekers who migrated from Africa to, among other places, Europe in a structural migration flow. We today owe our existence and civilisation to this stream of people who set out to see what the world had to offer.<\/p>

Fortunately, our ancestors were not afraid of change and embracing unfamiliar people and cultures!<\/p>\n <\/div>\n \t <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\t\t

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40.000 BCE<\/h3>\n \t <\/div>\n \t\t
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The oldest known art<\/h4>\n

The oldest art are cave drawings that have survived to the present day. The oldest drawn hands and dots have been found in present-day Indonesia. In France and Spain, we see examples from a few thousand years later.<\/p>

The question is what you consider art. Inscribed stones with symbols about 75,000 years old have been found in South Africa. We just don't know exactly what these were for. We might call them art.<\/p>

teaser: ... I already know what the archaeologists from the next text box would say about that ...<\/p>\n <\/div>\n \t <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\t\t

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30.000 BCE<\/h3>\n \t <\/div>\n \t\t
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Earliest found spirituality<\/h4>\n

It is during this period that the first spirituality seems to really take shape. Or in other words, the first period of which Archaeologists find things they really have no idea what it is, or how it was used.<\/p>

'This object was probably used for ceremonies and religion' is archaeologist-speak for \u201cI don't know what this is\u201d.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n \t <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\t\t

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40.000 \/ 30.000 BCE<\/h3>\n \t <\/div>\n \t\t
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Man (almost) goes extinct<\/h4>\n

At some point around 200.000 years ago our species, Homo Sapiens, seems to have been the only humanoid species left on Earth. In the last century, scientists thought that all other species died out in some kind of race for survival (because that sounds so cool! And also because scholars liked to think of everything before modern times as extremely backward and savage). But now we know it was probably more gradual and loving; the groups merged into each other. As stated before you and I most likely would not be able to tell humanoids from 200.000, 300.000 and 400.000 years ago apart.<\/p>

Think of it as a non-binary spectrum of human species interacting with each other. ... it almost sounds exactly like our society today.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n \t <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\t\t

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10.000 BCE<\/h3>\n \t <\/div>\n \t\t
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The Neolithic Revolution<\/h4>\n

The Neolithic means \u201cThe New Stone Age\u201d.<\/p>

The period when the Homo Sapiens of the \u201cOld\u201d Stone Age started saying things like \u201cThe young don't know what proper work is, with all these new tools\u201d. Or 'That lazy new generation only thinks about farming and leisure, they don't even know what hunting & gathering is!'.<\/p>

Change is the most constant thing in our past. We just need to learn to see that and learn how to use change and lead it, instead of resisting it. In the end that is what every management book you've ever read tried to teach you.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n \t <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\t\t

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9.000 - 7.000 BCE<\/h3>\n \t <\/div>\n \t\t
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Agricultural Revolution<\/h4>\n

In China, Meso-America (i.e. present-day North and South America), the Nile Delta and New Guinea agriculture became the main source of food. In China they discovered rice as a delicacy, and in Meso-America they loved Maize.<\/p>

This change used to be hailed as a great step towards civilisation. Now we know that the move towards agriculture came with all sorts of disadvantages. People had to work harder to put food on the table, more monotonous food made room for new diseases. Probably the \u201cworking day\u201d for humans suddenly became twice as long and life expectancy went down. But with about two human generations of agriculture, the old knowledge of hunting & gathering was gone forever.<\/p>

But most importantly, during this period \u201cproperty\u201d took on a different meaning. If my land yields more crop I have more than you. If we no longer share that together, power suddenly arises that probably wasn't there before.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n \t <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\t\t

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7.500 BCE<\/h3>\n \t <\/div>\n \t\t
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Megaliths of Nabta Playa<\/h4>\n

Stonehenge? You mean that not-so-ancient circle of stones somewhere north of civilisation? Well this is Nabta Playa, the 2.000 year older circle of stones. They are part of a civilisation of which we know very little, apart from the fact that they were well organized and made well structured villages.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n \t <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\t\t

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3.500 BCE<\/h3>\n \t <\/div>\n \t\t
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Emergence of large-scale civilisations<\/h4>\n

From the Indus River in present-day Pakistan and India, in present-day China, from the Mayans in present-day Mexico, from the Summerians in present-day Iran and present-day Greece, all kinds of wisdom and civilisation sprang almost simultaneously!\u00a0<\/p>

The oldest calendars, laws and religions known to us have their origins around this time. And the civilisations around the Indus River are knwon for their sanitary facilities and sewers.\u00a0 ... the Romans you say? Well yes, I guess they copied it from the older widely succesful civilisations that never made it to our history books.\u00a0<\/p>\n <\/div>\n \t <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\t\t

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+-2.300 BCE<\/h3>\n \t <\/div>\n \t\t
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The oldest known writer<\/h4>\n

Enheduanna is the earliest known author in human history. She, and you did indeed read that correctlty, was a priest and poet living in Ur, modern day Iraq. She wrote several hymns that survived untill modern times. So please print (pun intended) that in your mind, the oldest known author was a woman.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n \t <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\t\t

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3.200 BCE<\/h3>\n \t <\/div>\n \t\t
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The olders known written text<\/h4>\n

The oldest text we know stems from Summeria. This is called 'Cuneiform' and was used for trade and storage of goods. These written tablets probably predate Egyptian Hi\u00ebroglyphs just a little and are born out of older forms of tokens that were used for trade.<\/p>

You cannot write stories with Cuneiform because the signs are made solely for trade, but out of this written system many others were born that did transfrom into writing as we know it.\u00a0<\/p>\n <\/div>\n \t <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\t\t

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3.000 BCE<\/h3>\n \t <\/div>\n \t\t
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Large emerging cities outside of Eurasia<\/h4>\n

Large cities are emerging around the world, for example in modern day Peru and Pakistan, as a result of agriculture. As more food is harvested, more is stored and tribes and peoples can grow to much larger numbers.<\/p>

'Eur' in Eurasia refers to Europe. 'But I thought there were no great civilistaions in Europe at that time!', the informed reader might say. And the reader would be right. We added \u201cEur\u201d because insecure scientists of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries feared that their history did not matter. And the latter was exactly the case.<\/p>

So please read 'Asia' in particular, because Europe did not contribute to that title at all.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n \t <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\t\t

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2550 - 2470 BCE<\/h3>\n \t <\/div>\n \t\t
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Building of the pyramids of Gizeh<\/h4>\n

Built as massive graves for three Pharaoh's, these might be the best known man made structures in the history of humankind. They stood proud during the entire Egyptian history and were never locally 'forgotten'. Although they were sometimes used as a quarry for building near Ca\u00efro they were also always respected. Many scholars for many centuries visited the pyramids and wondered what they could have been.\u00a0<\/p>

From Napoleon's conquest of Egypt around 1800 they were 'rediscovered' by European scholars. Originally it whas thought they were built by slavelabour, which tells us more about the morals and perspective of the scholars studying the Egyptian past than about the actual Egyptians. To these 18th, 19th and 20th century Western scholars slave labour was an acceptible solution, but now it is no longer believed to be built this way.<\/p>

And that is an important lesson to keep in mind: The period in which history is studied always leaves a heavy mark on the way we understand history. That is why it is always important to look carefully at the context in which \u201cdiscoveries\u201d and theories arise.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n \t <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\t\t

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2450 -1450 BCE<\/h3>\n \t <\/div>\n \t\t
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Emergence of the Kingdom of Kush<\/h4>\n

The Kush or Kushite\u00a0 kingdom emerged as an early civilisation from which multiple other civilisations originated. They held a area roughly as large as Egypt, based on the Nile delta. Actually, they constantly interacted with the ancient Egyptians in trade and war, leading to a cultural exchange. Branches of the Kush Kingdom stayed relevant in the region untill after the start of the Common Era (i.d. the year '0').<\/p>

The name might make you think of something completely different, but that is actually unrelated. The 'plants' referred to as Kush get their name from the strain of the plant that was found in Afghanistan, Tadjikistan, Pakistan and India.\u00a0<\/p>\n <\/div>\n \t <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\t\t

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+- the year 0 <\/h3>\n \t <\/div>\n \t\t
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The worldwide celebration of \u201cyear 1\u201d of our era.<\/h4>\n

Just kidding.<\/p>

The Christian era and calendar was not introduced until the sixth century. So, unfortunately, there was no big celebration for the very first year of the era. Some 550 years later, humans, creative creatures that we are, placed the entire era in a context of a moment in time they had come to consider important at that time.<\/p>

Wonderful creatures we are.<\/p>

Incidentally, of course, that era calendar is only one of many. Most ancient cultures knew a form of time calculation and era. This one just happened to stick.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n \t <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\t\t

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+-450 <\/h3>\n \t <\/div>\n \t\t
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First use of '0' as a number<\/h4>\n

The zero had already existed in Mesopotamian geography and interestingly also in Mayan culture (used to represent an empty space), but it was in India that the '0' was first used as meaning 'nothing' in the mathematical sense. Maybe the invention of zero feels insignificant but it is a radical change in mathematical reality. Complex calculations suddenly became far easier to make and a whole new level of filosofical thinking could suddenly exist, because of a mathematical awareness of 'nothing' or even 'infinity'.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n \t <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\t\t

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0 - 500<\/h3>\n \t <\/div>\n \t\t
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Europe still unimportant<\/h4>\n

See also \u201c3,000 BCE\u201d, Europe still doesn't matter.<\/p>

'But what about the time of knights and castles?', you may ask. Of course people lived in Europe and also experienced all sorts of things. Only, Europe's role and importance in world history has always been grossly overestimated. Think of it this way, \u201cthe time of knights and castles\u201d was a period of about 1,000 years in, say, 500,000 years of human history, on about 10% of the world's inhabited surface.<\/p>

So to compensate, I'll just leave it out here.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n \t <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\t\t

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500 BCE \/ 500 <\/h3>\n \t <\/div>\n \t\t
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Golden age of Great Civilisations<\/h4>\n

The coming of age of grand \u201cmultinational\u201d empires. One of the largest of these empires was, of course, the widely known Aksum, in East Africa. One of the richest kingdoms in human history. Much less known, but still important, were the Roman empire, the Persian empire, and the Greek civilisation.<\/p>

... no wait, it was the other way around. No European knows Aksum, but we just can't forget those Romans. So you notice again \u201cHistory is Written by the Victor\u201d. And that Victor in Europe found Romans more interesting than the much richer Aksum.<\/p>

'But the Romans had sewers and [...]'. Nope. About the richest 1% of Roman civilisation had that kind of luxury. Everyone else had no access to these, and many probably did not even have knowledge of them. Saying 'Romans' had sewers would be like saying everyone in 2025 is a billionaire. Also, as we have already discovered in this timeline, the Romans are nowhere close to being the first civilisation to develop sewers and drainage.<\/p>

By the way, the Mayans in Central America also had a peak of civilisation! Lest we forget.\u00a0<\/p>\n <\/div>\n \t <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\t\t

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+- 725<\/h3>\n \t <\/div>\n \t\t
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Oldest known printed text<\/h4>\n

The oldest printed text that we know is made in what we now know as Korea. This was printed by a woodcut method. 'But what about Johan Gutenberg?', you might ask. Well ... what about him?<\/p>

Ok, ok. Fine. He deserves to be mentioned. I will put him in the timeline where he belongs, around 1453. But not as 'the inventor of the printing press', because that had been invented way before he was born. So for context, I will also place the first printed book that we know of on the timeline, around 900 in China.\u00a0<\/p>\n <\/div>\n \t <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\t\t

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800<\/h3>\n \t <\/div>\n \t\t
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A flourishing of science<\/h4>\n

In the Arab world there is free sharing of knowledge that makes science flourish. Great names like Ibn Sina and Al-Khwarizmi make sure that sciences like chemistry, mathematics, geometry, cartography and medicine make huge leaps. And they translated many ancient Greek texts into Arabic, where a lot of knowledge is preserved.<\/p>

This is why, for example, the words Alchemy and Al-gebra came over directly from Arabic into European languages.<\/p>

The numbers we use are still Arabic. Our numbers are formed after the first letter for the Arabic word for that number. And I forgive you if you had to read that sentence more than once to understand it.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n \t <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\t\t

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1000<\/h3>\n \t <\/div>\n \t\t
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Pinnacle of development in China<\/h4>\n

In the Chinese Song Dynasty, innovation is order of the day. Inventions such as paper money (a piece of paper that guarantees a certain value in gold) and gunpowder originated here.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n \t <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\t\t

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+- 900<\/h3>\n \t <\/div>\n \t\t
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The first printed book<\/h4>\n

As far as we know this is the oldest printed book ever made. It is called the Diamantsoetra and it is made in China. That should not surprise you if you know that China was responsible for many inventions that early Europeans believed were their invention, like gun powder and printed money. If you scrolled to this event because of the earlier mentioned text printed in Korea in 705, these differ because the Diamantsoetra is an actual book and not 'just' one text.\u00a0<\/p>

And this differs from Gutenbergs press from 1453 because the Diamantsoetra was also printed by woodcut method. Gutenberg used a different method for his printing press.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n \t <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\t\t

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1200 - 1230<\/h3>\n \t <\/div>\n \t\t
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Genghis Kahn conquers the world<\/h4>\n

Genghis Khan united the Mongol tribes and founded the largest contiguous world empire ever. We can learn a lot from his strategy. He perfectly assessed what he was good at and where he needed help. He did not overestimate himself, and knew the limits of what he could do.<\/p>

Do you know when to (1) give in, (2) teach yourself new skills to win, or (3) hire outside help to get the job done? Genghis Khan knew this better than anyone else. Studying his decisions can teach us a lot about entering new markets.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n \t <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\t\t

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+- 1300<\/h3>\n \t <\/div>\n \t\t
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Rise of the Mali Empire<\/h4>\n

The empire of Mali was one of the most powerful empires you may never have heard of. Its most famous ruler, Mansa Musa, was one of the richest people who ever lived.<\/p>

The empire covered much of West Africa and influenced the entire region, all the way to the Mediterranean Sea and the Arab world. Everything written about the Mali empire is written is superlatives because of it's grandeur and accomplishments.\u00a0<\/p>\n <\/div>\n \t <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\t\t

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1325<\/h3>\n \t <\/div>\n \t\t
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The founding of Tenochtitlan<\/h4>\n

Tenochtitlan became the \u201ccapital\u201d of the Aztec empire. Until the 16th century, it was probably the largest city on earth, with more than 200,000 inhabitants.<\/p>

The Spanish invasion under Hernan Cortez almost completely destroyed the city around 1522 after the Aztec population was decimated by smallpox inadvertently brought from Spain by the Spanish. Today's Mexico City stands on the site where Tenochtitlan stood.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n \t <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\t\t

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1453<\/h3>\n \t <\/div>\n \t\t
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The Gutenberg Printing Press<\/h4>\n

Alright. The last post about printing books and tekst needs to mention Johan Gutenberg. He combined several differing printing methods to create a printing press that had letters made of lead that could be 'set' individually. This made it far easier to print books and text, which revolutionized printing. Suddenly you did not need to make a woodcut per page, that only lasted for so long. You could print anything and pretty quick.\u00a0<\/p>

This has contributed to, for example, religious freedom and the printing of political pamphlets. That was an important driving force behind the Reformation in Europe.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n \t <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\t\t

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1500 - 1600<\/h3>\n \t <\/div>\n \t\t
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Flourishing of the Ottoman Empire<\/h4>\n

The Ottoman Empire (roughly in present-day Turkey, the Balkans and the Middle East) enjoyed enormous prosperity during this period. Under Suileman the Great, with absolutely amazing headgear, the region was brought under one ruler and there was relative peace. During that peace, much scope for science and culture emerged.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n \t <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\t\t

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1500 -1700 <\/h3>\n \t <\/div>\n \t\t
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Scientific 'Revolution'<\/h4>\n

The period that has been termed the \u201cscientific revolution\u201d by later scholars. This period sees the start of a \u201cparadigm shift\u201d. Great minds such as Copernicus, Da Vinci, Johannes Kepler, Newton, Vesalius and Galileo (all worth looking up for a moment!) contribute their bricks to show the world in a totally different light. These scientists drew heavily on the scientific progress of the Islamic world mentioned before. Their translations of Greek and Latin texts from centuries before were the sole reason that knowledge was accessible to them.\u00a0<\/p>

The earth turned out to be just one of the many floating stones in the universe, and humans start shifting from their selfmade pedestal to their rightful place in the context of nature and the other species. The latter is not complete until Darwin's publications on the theory of evolution around 1859.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n \t <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\t\t

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1600 - 1700<\/h3>\n \t <\/div>\n \t\t
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European interference in trade networks in Southeast Asia<\/h4>\n

Major trade networks emerged between India, Indonesia, China and the Middle East.<\/p>

This is where Europe began to play a role on the \u201cworld stage\u201d. Through colonisation and appropriation of territories in Southeast Asia, countries like England, the Netherlands and Portugal play into the spice trade. These trade networks already existed, only were contained by Europeans.<\/p>

The wealth derived from the spice trade, enforced through colonisation, forced labour and violent domination from the 16th to the end of the 17th century, bought what came to be called \u201cThe Golden Age\u201d in Europe.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n \t <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\t\t

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1618<\/h3>\n \t <\/div>\n \t\t
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Second Defenestration of Prague<\/h4>\n

Totally irrelevant to world history, this event is one of my favourite ever. In Prague, the nobles disagreed with the Catholic clergy. So much so that they decided to \u201cdefenestrate\u201d the entire group of clerics present from Prague Castle, which is a wonderfull Latin term for \u201cthrowing them out of the window\u201d. By the way, the defenestrated gentlemen landed in a large dung heap and all survived.<\/p>

Should you ever find yourself in Castle Prague, watch out for the sign describing the defenestration, as it is next to the window where this event took place. And you read correctly, this was not the first time. A fantastic Prague tradition!<\/p>\n <\/div>\n \t <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\t\t

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1550 - 1867<\/h3>\n \t <\/div>\n \t\t
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Transatlantic Slavetrade<\/h4>\n

A pitch-black chapter in world history. Never was such cruel, prolonged and structured suffering caused by human beings as the Transatlantic Slave Trade. These crimes cannot be compared to anything, and cannot be seen in any other light than large-scale and institutionalised criminality.<\/p>

During this period of nearly 350 years, it is estimated that more than 12,000,000 people were stolen, transported and sold as commodities in \u201cThe New World\u201d. The shockwave of this event is so great that very many countries are still today recovering culturally and financially from it.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n \t <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\t\t

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1700 - 1789<\/h3>\n \t <\/div>\n \t\t
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'The Enlightenment'<\/h4>\n

A period in time when ideas of equality and freedom found ground in Europe. In the 16th century, a number of religious wars raged across Europe, which had previously led to new forms of freedom in some countries, for example in the Dutch republic.<\/p>

'But wait,' the observant reader may now say. 'This period falls within the period of Transatlantic Slave Trade, is that right?' And the answer, dear reader, is \u201cyes, that is correct\u201d. Indeed, the celebrated freedom and equality of this period needed at least another two centuries to become applicable outside Europe.<\/p>

'Also for a country like the Netherlands?', you may ask. Yes, also for a country like the Netherlands. In 1948, the Netherlands sent another invasion force to the colony of Indonesia to recapture its possessions.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n \t <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\t\t

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1806<\/h3>\n \t <\/div>\n \t\t
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Haiti became first independent colonial republic<\/h4>\n

In the aftermath of the French Revolution, the French colony of Saint Dominque declared independence, under Toussaint Louverture. After they defeated an army sent by Napoleon, Haiti was allowed to become independent.<\/p>

Since the slaves were officially \u2018property\u2019 of the French state, the French government thought it appropriate that Haiti should pay for the lost property (read, human lives). The last payment of the nearly 100 million Francs that Haiti had to pay was in 1947. Indeed, you read that correctly. After World War II. Haiti has always remained considerably poorer than the neighbouring Dominican Republic because of the enormous economic pressure of this debt payment to France.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n \t <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\t\t

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1810 - 1850<\/h3>\n \t <\/div>\n \t\t
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Formal abolition of slavery<\/h4>\n

After the abolition of slavery in Haiti, slavery was officially abolished worldwide in the period from 1810 to about 1865. The long period of recovery could begin.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n \t <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\t\t

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1871<\/h3>\n \t <\/div>\n \t\t
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The creation of Germany and Italy<\/h4>\n

The shape and division of Europe seems self-evident now, but it was instable for a long time. In 1870\/71 many principalities and smaller kingdoms were forged into one German empire, and Itali\u00eb was conquered over the course of a decade by the leaders that would eventually call it a nation.\u00a0<\/p>

Especially now we should remember that the way the world has been for the last 50 years is in no way self-evident. We should realize that the peaceful modern division is something we need to value and cultivate, lest we underestimate the threats and chances presented to us.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n \t <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\t\t

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1876<\/h3>\n \t <\/div>\n \t\t
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Invention of the Telephone<\/h4>\n

Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone. The first idea came from a coincidental discovery while working on a telegraph that could send multiple messages at once. Bell and his colleague, Thomas Watson, discovered that sound could be sent through a plucked reed.<\/p>

People back then are said to have feared that the telephone would erode traditional socializing, that it would be a intrusian in the home environment and that others might be able to listen in on private conversations. From a modern perspective we can conclude that some fears might actually be well funded. We just need to examine whether the potential threat is worth the potential worth!<\/p>\n <\/div>\n \t <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\t\t

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1800 - 1900<\/h3>\n \t <\/div>\n \t\t
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Industrial Development<\/h4>\n

Often called the \u201cIndustrial Revolution\u201d, but I get a bit tired of that kind of constant jubilation. So I just call it development. Slavery had been exchanged for wage labour in wretched conditions. Machines could make that much cheaper for the big shareholders and big landowners ... Or I mean, \u201cthe industrial revolution gave us all a lot in terms of mass production and cheap products\u201d.<\/p>

Fine, you can make the value judgment yourself. Anyway, this is a period of development of the steam engine as motive power, electricity as a general source of energy and, for example, the internal combustion engine.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n \t <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\t\t

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17 December 1903<\/h3>\n \t <\/div>\n \t\t
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First Powered Flight<\/h4>\n

The Wright Brothers made themselves famous by building the first powered flying machine. Hot air balloons had been in use sinds roughly 1780, and 113 years later the first actual flight (by modern definitions) was made!<\/p>

This was an incredible feat of science that defied intu\u00eftion and prior beliefs about what was possible.\u00a0<\/p>\n <\/div>\n \t <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\t\t

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1929<\/h3>\n \t <\/div>\n \t\t
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The Great Depression<\/h4>\n

Nothing teaches us the unpredictability of people like economics. ... well, maybe history. But anyway, people are irrational, unpredictable and it is almost impossible to predict what they will do. Especially in large groups.<\/p>

The great depression was caused by the optimism after the 'roaring twenties' and investments in new concepts, like the stock market. After the Wall Street stock market crash a downturn was taken. Between 1929 and 1939 the global GDP was down 15%, unemployment was up 30% and international trade fell by 50%.\u00a0<\/p>

Unfortunately this was the fundament for what happens in the following events on this timeline.<\/p>

\u00a0<\/p>\n <\/div>\n \t <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\t\t

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1914 - 1945<\/h3>\n \t <\/div>\n \t\t
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'World Wars'<\/h4>\n

I have conveniently assumed that certain things about the period of world wars are already known. But I will give the shortest ever summary of the entire period. I don't know if there is a Guiness Book of World Records category for very brief history but I'll take a stab at it anyway.<\/p>

Europe was in suspense and all countries had agreements to help each other. Austria was angry with Serbia and was looking for an excuse for war. Russia had agreed to help Serbia, France had agreed to help Russia and Britain had agreed to help France. Germany agreed to help Austria and the disaster was complete.<\/p>

After the war, people felt Germany was guilty, so they were made to pay. Angry people allowed themselves to be incited towards a non-existent enemy coupled aam a tangible economic problem. Europe underestimated Nazi Germany's expansionism and a new World War began. The short lesson; be careful of unfocused anger that you link to a foreordained non-existent enemy.<\/p>

By the way, don't take \u201cWorld\u201d too literally. Just a random example of a country that was not hit: Chile. The \u201cworld\u201d aspect is in that almost the entire world was hit in one way or another, and many colonies were forced to supply people for the front or other related acts.<\/p>

\u00a0<\/p>\n <\/div>\n \t <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\t\t

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17 juli 1969<\/h3>\n \t <\/div>\n \t\t
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First man on the moon<\/h4>\n

On this day Neil Armstrong and 'Buzz' Aldrin walked on the moon, while Michael Collins stayed in the shuttle.\u00a0<\/p>

Here we can learn from fantasizing about the future. The story is that John F. Kennedy did not have the faintest idea whether landing on the moon would be possible when he announced the plans to send men to the moon in 1961. But sometimes creating the idea is enough to make it real. That is the reason we sometimes speak of a 'moonshot'.\u00a0<\/p>

So what is your 'moonshot'? What is that ridiculously ambitious idea that you dream of? Can you manifest like Kennedy did, and take the first steps toward the greater goal?\u00a0<\/p>\n <\/div>\n \t <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\t\t

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When do we end?<\/h4>\n

'When' do I end this timeline? Well, since it is a completely arbitrarily created timeline that is not meant to teach you everything about everything, but just the things that I find interesting enough to mention I will just end it here.\u00a0<\/p>

I suppose this timeline is never really done and will be updated by me from time to time. So check back in every once in a while. Who knows what you might pick up!<\/p>

And if you miss anything, have suggestions or want to discuss with me: please feel free to contact me!<\/p>\n <\/div>\n \t <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/section>

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\n\n\n What I can do for <\/span>\n\n you or your business.<\/span>\n\n\n\n<\/h2>
\n \n \n\t\n\n\n\n
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\nHistorically correct speaker\n<\/h2>
\nAs your speaker, I don\u2019t just dive into history; I also leap into the future! With a generous dose of humor and a treasure trove of historical stories, I ensure that your audience remains captivated. My goal? To connect the past with the present and get everyone thinking. Whether it's the wonders of antiquity or the lessons of more recent history, I make sure every tale is relevant and memorable. You and your guests are at the heart of our adventure, and together we\u2019ll create an unforgettable experience!\n<\/div>\n<\/div>
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\nHistorically good marketing\n<\/h2>
\nImagine your company as a grand ship sailing full speed through history! I\u2019ll take you on a journey through the world of marketing strategies that have proven their worth for centuries. From the clever tactics of Julius Caesar to the innovative ideas of modern businesses, history provides us with the answers we seek. What historical narratives formed our perspective on today's world? And how can we leverage those stories to strengthen your brand? Together, we\u2019ll unravel the secrets of successful marketing and craft a strategy that makes your company stand out.\n<\/div>\n<\/div>
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\nModerator or 'Connecting Person'\n<\/h2>
\nAs a moderator, I am the glue that holds everything together! I ensure that your event runs smoothly by encouraging interaction between speakers and the audience. With my enthusiastic approach and well-prepared content, I turn every event into a dynamic experience. A thought-provoking question here, a sharp comment there; together we create a lively atmosphere where everyone feels heard. Humor and warmth are my key ingredients for success, so your guests leave not only with knowledge but also with smiles on their faces.\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/section>
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\nReviews about Frank\n<\/h2>
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\n Frank got to work with the group and was able to inspire and enthuse them. The examples provided a sense of recognition, and Frank's presentation style is very approachable and open. Highly recommended!\n <\/blockquote>\n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n <\/svg>\n \n \n <\/svg>\n\n \n \n <\/div>\n\n\n
\n Richard, BMK\n <\/div>\n\n\n\n\n<\/div>
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\n Frank establishes beautiful connections to historical moments and brands that resemble us a lot. The message comes across well, and he communicates easily, inspiringly, and responds well to spontaneous remarks. He has planted seeds and made us think. We will definitely invite him again to brainstorm together.\n <\/blockquote>\n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n <\/svg>\n \n \n <\/svg>\n\n \n \n <\/div>\n\n\n
\n Sonja B.\n <\/div>\n\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/section>
\n \n \n\t\n\n\n\n
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\nInterested in having me speak?\n<\/h2>\n<\/div>
\n \n \n\t\n\n\n\n
\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n Enquire now!<\/span>\n\n \n \n <\/a>\n\n \n\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/section>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Timeline The timeline below is not an overview of everything that ever happened in a traditional sense. Instead, it\u2019s a summary of what I find important and things I think will be useful to you! After all that\u2019s what history is about. 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